Explanation

      Text 1
      Rain is advantageous because it brings water for all living things. But rain can be disastrous, too, because too much rain will cause floods which can wash away people, houses and other valuable properties.

      The following is how rain is formed.

      The air is filled with tiny particles known as ‘vapour’. Vapour is actually the gaseous form of water. Vapour is a part of air. The air around us is constantly moving because the air near the surface of the earth is hotter and lighter. This is why this air rises. The air higher up in the sky is cold and heavy, so it sinks. The rising of hot air and the sinking of cold water cause the air to move. When the hot air rises to a certain level, the vapour presents in it, cools and, changes to water. This is known as ‘condensation’. When the water particles are too heavy for the air to carry, the air is said to be ‘oversaturated’. The water particles then fall as rain

1.  The air cannot carry particles as they are so ____ that they fall as rain.

a.       hot                     

b.      tiny                    

c.       light

d.      heavy

e.       constant

2.  What happens after the air saturated?

a.       It falls as rain.

b.      Vapour fills the air.

c.       The air rises in the sky.

d.      The air is constantly moving.

e.       The hot air rises at a certain level.

3.  What is bad about rain?

a.       It makes the sky cold.

b.      It washes away waste.

c.       It makes the weather hot.

d.      It damages useless properties.

e.       It damages valuable properties.

4.  What is the purpose of the text?

a.       To explain how rain is formed.

b.      To share experience in a rainy season.

c.       To amuse readers with the information.

d.      To warn people about the danger of rain.

e.       To persuade readers to prevent much rain.

      
        Text 2
      Silkworms live for only two to three days after laying eggs. About 36,000 to 50,000 eggs are laid, and these are carefully stored at the silkworm farm until they are ready to hatch. The eggs hatch into caterpillars, which feed on mulberry leaves. Soon, the caterpillars are ready to spin their cocoons. Not all caterpillars can spin silk cocoons. Only the caterpillars of a silkworm moth known as ‘Bombyx mori’ can do such spinning.

      This caterpillar has special glands which secrete liquid silk through its lower lip. The liquid produced later hardens to form fine strands. The caterpillar makes its cocoons using these strands. The threads on the outside of the cocoon are rough, while those inside are soft and smooth.

      Some fully-spun cocoons are heated. This kills the pupa inside. The cocoons are then put into hot water to loosen the fine strands. Finally, these threads are reeled off the cocoons.

      The length of unbroken thread produced by a single cocoon measures about one-and-a-half kilometers. Being twisted together several of these threads make single woven materials.

1.  What is the purpose of the text?

a.       To persuade readers to buy silk.

b.      To put silk into different categories.

c.       To entertain readers with the knowledge.

d.      To present some points of view about silk.

e.       To describe how silk comes into existence.

2.  How are the threads on the outside of the cocoon?

a.       Fine.

b.      Soft.

c.       Rough.

d.      Strong.

e.       Smooth.

3.  What are mulberry leaves for?

a.       Feeding caterpillars.

b.      Spinning cocoons.

c.       Storing threads.

d.      Hatching eggs.

e.       Laying eggs. 

Text 3

How Planes Fly

      A plane needs air pressure under their wings to stay up in the air. As they move forward, the higher air pressure underneath their wings pushes them upward and gives them lift.

      The smooth, streamlined shape of the plane allows air to flow easily over its surface. This helps to reduce

the drag caused by the air pushing against the plane and allows it to move rapidly through the air.

      Planes move forward using engines. This movement is called thrust. Moving forward keeps a stream of moving air passing over the wings, which allows the plane to stay up in the air. If the engines fail, the plane will begin to descend very quickly.

     The air above the wing moves slowly and is slightly squashed so it is at a higher pressure than the obove the wing.

1.  A plane stays up in the air because ____.

a.       the streamlined shape of the plane lets the air flow

b.      the air under the wing moves slowly

c.       there is a pressure under its wings

d.      it moves forward the sky

e.       it has a strong wing

2.  The plane will ____ the earth very fast if the engine fails to run.

a.       move down

b.      fall down

c.       jump up

d.      decrease

e.       drop on

3.  “Moving forward keeps a stream of moving air passing over the wings….” This is used to ____.   

a.       avoid the engine to fail

b.      keep the engine run well

c.       make the wings move faster

d.      make the plane stay up in the air

e.       move the air under the wing slowly

4.  The purpose of the text is _____.

a.       to give a report about the plane engine

b.      to inform how to operate a plane

c.       to describe a kind of planes

d.      to describe what a plane is

e.       to explain how planes fly

Text 4

                On May 16, 2010, people in most regions in the world saw a very rare natural phenomenon. It was Venus eclipse. It was a very rare amazing natural event. It was reported that the Venus eclipse would be seen again in the future in 2050. Do you know how this rare Venus eclipse happens?

              Well, actually Venus eclipse is like Sun eclipse. Venus eclipse occours when the position of the earth, moon and Venus is parallel. Venus planet will slowly disappear for a moment because it is covered by the surface of the Moon.

              The Moon and the planets are sharing a similar path in the sky. That is why, it is not unusual for the moon to appear to pass close to Venus. In fact, the moon appears somewhere near it about once a month. However, most people dont see these event because they are visible in the evening sky only half the time, and then only for a short period after sunset.

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1. Venus eclipse happens when...........

            A. the Venus planet moves towards the sun

            B. Venus covers the surface of the moon

            C. the Venus planet covers the surface of the moon

            D. the Moon appears and moves close to Venus

            E.  the position of the Earth, Moon,and Venus is parallel

2. The main idea of the fist paragraph is.......

            A. Venus eclipse will be seen in 2050

            B. Venus eclipse happens every forty years

            C. an eclipse is a very rare amazing natural event

            D. people are curious to know how the eclipse happens

            E. people in most regions in the world saw a Venus eclipse

3. ’However, most people don’t see these events because they are visible in the evening....” (paragraph 3)

      The underlined word is closest in meaning to....

A.    Noticeable

B.    Remarkable

C.    Predictable

D.    Understandable

E.    Comprehensible

     Text 5

Recycling is a collection, processing, and reuse of materials that would otherwise be thrown away. Materials ranging from precious metals to broken glass, from old newspapers to plastic spoons, can be recycled. The recycling process reclaims the original material and uses it in new products.

In general, using recycled materials to make new products costs less and requires less energy than using new materials. Recycling can also reduce pollution, either by reducing the demand for high-pollution alternatives or by minimizing the amount of pollution produced during the manufacturing process.

Paper products that can be recycled include cardboard containers, wrapping paper, and office paper. The most commonly recycled paper product is newsprint. In newspaper recycling, old newspapers are collected and searched for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminum foil. The paper goes to a processing plant where it is mixed with hot water and turned into pulp in a machine that works much like a big kitchen blender. The pulp is screened and filtered to remove smaller contaminants. The pulp then goes to a large vat where the ink separates from the paper fibers and fl oats to the surface. The ink is skimmed off, dried and reused as ink or burned as boiler fuel. The cleaned pulp is mixed with new wood fibers to be made into paper again.

Experts estimate the average office worker generates about 5 kg of wastepaper per month. Every ton of paper that is recycled saves about 1.4 cu m (about 50 cu ft) of landfill space. One ton of recycled paper saves 17 pulpwood trees (trees used to produce paper).

1. The following things can be recycled, EXCEPT....

a. precious metals

b. broken glass

c. old newspapers

d. plastic spoons

e. fresh vegetables and fruits

2. Which of the following is NOT the benefit of recycling?

a. It costs much money for the process of recycling

b. It costs less to make new products.

c. It requires less energy.

d. It can reduce pollution.

e. It reduces the demand for high-pollution alternatives.

3. What is the third step of recycling paper products?

a. Collect and search for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminium foil.

b. Mix the paper with hot water in a blender which turns it into pulp.

c. Screen and filter the pulp to remove smaller contaminants.

d. Put the pulp to a large vat to separate the ink from the paper fiber

e. Mix the pulp with new wood fiber to be made into paper again.

4. We can make use of the ink after being separated from the paper fiber by doing the followings,

    EXCEPT....

a. Skim it off.

b. Dry it.

c. Reuse as ink.

d. Burn as boiler fuel.

e. Mix it with the pulp.

Text 6

Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to build up new cells and replace the worn out cells. However, the food that we take must be changed into substances that can be carried in the blood to the places where they are needed. This process is called digestion.

The first digestive process takes place in the mouth. The food we eat is broken up into small pieces by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by glands in the mouth. Saliva contain digestive juices which moisten the food, so it can be swallowed easily.

From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus (the food passage) into stomach. Here, the food is mixed with juices secreted by the cells in stomach for several hours. Then the food enters the small intestine. All time the muscular walls of the intestine are squeezing, mixing and moving the

onwards.

In a few hours, the food changes into acids. These are soon absorbed by the villi (microscopic branch projections from the intestine walls) and passed into the bloodstream.

1. The purpose of the text is …..

a. To explain the process involved in digestion

b. To inform the readers about important part of human body

c. To entertain or amuse the readers

d. To persuade people that men have millions of cells

e. To give a description about esophagus and villi

2. What is “digestion” mean?

a. The process of replacing worn out cells

b. The process of changing food into substances that can be carried in the blood

c. The process of building up new cells

d. The process of taking food into our mouth

e. The process of providing energy for each cell

3. What is the first digestive juices?

a. Esophagus

b. Saliva

c. intestine

d. Glands

e. Enzymes

4.“The digestive system begins as soon as we put the food into the mouth.”

This information can be found in paragraph  ……

            a. One and three

            b.  Two

            c. One

            d. Three

            e. Four

Text 7

             A rainbow is a colored arch that appears in the sky when it is raining or there is rain about. A rainbow is made up of seven colors. We get light from the sun. When the sun is shining it is a daytime. When the sun is not shining it is night time.

            The light we see is made up of many colors. When these colors are mixed up together, they make white light. The colors are red, orange, yellow, green, blue indigo and violet.

            A rainbow is formed when drops of water split the particles of white light up into its parts. The seven colors we see are called the light spectrum. So we see a rainbow when light hits raindrops. It is the drain drop that break up the white light. We are most likely to see rainbows when it is raining around us or near us.

            That is why we only see rainbows in the sky on rainy days when the sun shines through the clouds. We can see the seven colors of the light spectrum at other times. If you blow the bubble with the bubble pipe, the skin of the bubble also breaks up the light. You see the rainbow colors around the bubble.

1.What is the text about ?

                        A.        The colors of rainbow                                         

                        B.        How a rainbow is made

                        C.        The process of sun light formed

                        D.        What a rainbow is

                        E.         The different colors on light

2.Why is the sun shining on the raindrops important in making rainbow ? Because

                  A.        The raindrops break up the white light from the sun into light spectrum

                        B.        The sunlight only appears when there is raindrop

                        C.        The raindrops help the sun light to form seven colors

                        D.        The raindrops is formed the light spectrum

                        E.         The sun light and rain drops are part of light spectrum

3.From the text we now that ...

                        A.        The sun light are mixed up together to make seven colors

                        B.        The rainbow can happened at night

                        C.        The light spectrum is white color on sun light

                        D.        Rainbow always appears on shining day

                        E.         Raindrops breaks up the white light to form rainbow